The greatest hero of Little Bighorn
CAPTAIN THOMAS WEIR
Answering the
call of duty… against all odds
Sources quoted in the text.
"Reno
could have gone to the aid of Custer if he
had moved when the Indians withdrew. They
went down and attacked Custer. Why should
not Reno have gone down and helped in the
defense?"
Sioux
warrior and Little Bighorn veteran
Respects Nothing (1906)
source:
Richard G.
Hardorff, Lakota Recollections,
Arthur Clark Company, page 32
“The
first
bias I
had to
overcome
was the
time
factor.
A number
of
assessments
gave me
the idea
that the
last
stand
was over
by five
o’clock
or
shortly
thereafter.
It
proved
impossible
to
squeeze
all the
events
described
by the
Indians
into
such a
constricted
temporal
framework.
A
narrator
might
tell of
riding
against
Reno in
one
sentence
and
describe
shooting
at
trooper
on
Custer
Hill in
the next,
obviously
compressing
events
we know
were
separated
by
considerable
time. As
noted of
Crazy
Horse’s
movements,
these
warriors
did not
ride
winged
steeds.
In
addition,
the Reno
and
Benteen
survivors
had a
take in
perpetuating
the idea
that the
Custer
fight
was over
quickly.
It was
not in
the best
interests
of the
army, or
to a
number
of
officers’
careers,
if it
could be
shown
that
they
dawdled
for two
hours
during
Custer’s
death
struggle.”
Historian
Gregory
Michno,
Lakota
Noon,
the
Indian
narrative
of
Custer’s
defeat,
Missoula,
Mountain
Press,
1997,
pages
296-297
___
Captain Thomas B. Weir was the commander of
company B, in Benteen’s battalion. On June
25, 1876, Weir followed Benteen in his scout
on the South of the valley, looking for
“satellite villages” (other Indian villages
around the main one).
“WE OUGHT TO
BE OVER THERE!”
When
Benteen understood that the scout didn’t
give any results, he came back on Custer’s
trail. He had specific orders to follow
Custer’s steps and to send him a note about
the results of his scouts. Benteen didn’t
send any note to Custer (disobedience of
order) and moved on the trail with
considerable slowness.
He
then stopped his column to water the horses
at a name later called “the morass”. Shots
were heard in the valley, a sign that the
battle was beginning on Custer’s side.
Private Jan Moeller and Sergeant Windolph
heard the firing, as well as Lieutenant
Godfrey.
Captain Thomas Weir became very impatient.
Lieutenant Godfrey stated that many officers
became “uneasy by the lengthy stay. One
subaltern wondered why the “Old Man” (Benteen)
was keeping them out of the battle for so
long.
Captain Weir’s anger grew. He said to
Benteen: “We ought to be over there!”
Benteen ignored him. Weir went to his
company, mount up and moved towards the
sound of the guns. It was a disobedience of
orders, because, as Godfrey stated,
“his
position in the column was that of second
unit.”
Benteen eventually moved behind Weir.
It was
the first time Captain Weir was leaving his
command because of Benteen’s indifference to
the ongoing battle. It wouldn’t be the last.
_____________________________________________
Sources: Hammer,
Custer in ’76,
page 75
Hunt; I fought with Custer, page
81.
Sklenar, To Hell with Honor, pages
224, 365 note 18
BENTEEN
DAWDLES, WEIR TAKES THE ADVANCE
The
battle was still on in the valley of the
Little Bighorn. However, Captain Benteen’s
battalion was still out of the fight.
Benteen travelled at three miles an hour,
when Custer’s other battalions did the same
in an hour less time.
Benteen was slow, and there is no
explanation for this betrayal. He just acted
as if no battle was going on. He just
ignored his duty.
He
then met Daniel Kanipe, who was carrying a
vocal order by Custer. Benteen learnt that
Custer was asking for immediate
reinforcements, but didn’t act at all. His
battalion was still moving at trot. He even
stopped in front of a lone tepee to examine
it. He was wasting time, and didn’t care
about it.
Soon,
another messenger appeared. Private Giovanni
Martini was carrying a written order by
General Custer: “Benteen, come on, be
quick, bring packs.” The packs were not
the entire pack train, as it is often stated,
but the “extra ammunitions”. Every soldier
knew it, as lieutenant McClernand clearly
said in his articles and book.
Benteen had to pick the extra ammunition up
and then to go quickly towards Custer. Did
he act as his orders urged him to? Not at
all. He didn’t go at a gallop, but at a walk
or a trot (Lieutenant Godfrey). Custer’s men
had moved on the same ground on overall
speed or fast trot.
Captain Weir was outraged again. Ignoring
Benteen’s orders once more, he moved quickly,
left the command and reached Reno Hill the
first. Again, Thomas Weir was the only one
in Benteen’s troops who acted like a soldier.

_____________________________________________
Sources: Hammer,
Custer in ’76,
pages 75-76
Gray, Centennial Campaign, page 183
McClernand, On Time for Disaster,
page 71-88
WEIR’S ULTIMATE MOVEMENT
Benteen’s battalion reached Reno Hill, found
Reno’s battalion, which had suffered of
casualties after its commander had left it
without any bugle in the woods. Benteen
dismounted and stayed on the hill with Major
Reno.
Both
never acted to support Custer at any kind.
They had orders to “come quick” and knew
that the main duty of any soldier is “to
support the commander at any level” and to
“go to the sound of the guns”. But nothing
happened.
They
just stayed on the hills, while shots and
volleys were heard in the valley, coming
from Custer’s men.
Lieutenant McDougall
testified: “It appeared to everyone that
all should go to support of Custer”.
Lieutenant Godfrey wrote:
“I thought General Custer was below us
and we could join him that we gad no water
and a few wounded; that we would have our
casualties and burdens increased on the
morrow.”
Journalist: “Were not some warriors left
in front of these entrenchments on the
bluffs, near the right side of the map?
(Reno Hill) Did not you think it
necessary – did not the warchiefs think it
necessary – to keep some of your young men
there to fight the troops who had retreated
to these entrenchments (Reno’s and
Benteen’s men)?”
Sitting Bull:
“You have forgotten.”
Sitting Bull:
“You forget that only a
few soldiers were left by the Long Hair on
those buffs (Reno Hill).
He took
the main body of his soldiers with him
(Custer’s battalion)
to make the big
fight down here on the left (Medicine
Tail Coulee).
Journalist: “So there were no soldiers (warriors)
to make a fight left in the entrenchments on
the right hand bluff (Reno Hill, Reno’s
and Benteen’s position)?”
Sitting Bull:
“I have spoken. It is
enough. The squaw could deal with them.
There were none but squaws and papooses in
front of (Reno’s and Benteen’s men)
that afternoon.”
Lieutenant Edward McClernand,
of Terry’s column, arrived on the
battlefield on June 27, 1876. He drew maps
of the battlefield and wrote several
articles on the battle. Here’s what he wrote
on Major Reno, who was the senior commander
of Reno Hill:
“Some of (Reno’s)
officers looking from the edge of the bluffs
(from Reno Hill)
at the large number of
mounted warriors in the bottom below
(the valley of the Little Bighorn),
observed that the enemy suddenly started
down the valley, and that in a few minutes
scarcely a(n Indian)
horseman was
left in sight.
Reno’s front was
practically cleared of the enemy.
It
is not sufficient to say that there was no
serious doubt about Custer being able to
take care of himself. (Custer)
had
gone downstream with five troops, heavy
firing was heard in that direction, it was
evident a fight was on (…)
Reno
with six troops (…) still ignored the well
known military axiom to march to the sound
of guns.”
Weir
was livid. Private John Fox heard this
conversation between Captain Weir and Major
Reno:
Weir:
“Custer must be around here somewhere
(shots were heard)
and we ought to go to
him.”
Reno:
“We are surrounded by Indians (it’s
false. There weren’t any Indian around Reno
Hill) and we ought to remain here.”
Weir:
“Well, if no one else goes to Custer, I
will go.”
Weir
was so angered that he left Reno, mounted up
and went towards the sounds of the guns with
his orderly. Lieutenant Edgerly saw his
commander leaving and followed him with the
whole company D. As Edgerly understood
afterwards, Weir had disobeyed orders. Both
Benteen and Reno didn’t want to move.

_____________________________________________
Sources: Hammer,
Custer in ’76,
page 71
Gray, Centennial Campaign, page 183
McClernand, On Time for Disaster,
page 71-88
Captain Michael J.
Koury, Diaries of Little Bighorn,
page 11
“Wild Life on the Plains”, in Cyclorama of
General Custer’s Last Battle, compiled by A.
J. Donnelle, Promontory Press, 1889, pages
21-23
WATCHING A
BATTLE ON WEIR
POINT
Benteen eventually followed Weir, but only
30 minutes after him. The battle was still
raging on, as Historian Gregory Michno shows
in his book “Lakota Noon.” (he makes the
timeline of Custer’s movements with Indian
testimonies)
Despite what countless books said, when Weir
reached a peak named afterwards Weir Point,
Custer’s battle was still raging. Little
Bighorn specialist Wayne Michael Sarf admits
that many officers on Weir Point
“apparently saw more than they would later
admit. There is little doubt that
(Lieutenant) Edgerly destroyed the
portion of a letter to his wife dealing with
the Weir Point episode.”
Sergeant Charles Windolph remembered what he
saw on Weir Point :
“Way off to the
north you could see what looked to be groups
of mounted Indians. There was plenty of
firing going on.”
Lieutenant Hare was interviewed by Walter
Camp, who wrote:
“While out in advance
with (Captain Weir’s)
Company D,
the Indians were thick over on Custer ridge
and were firing. (Hare) thought Custer was
fighting them.”
Private Edward Pigford:
“at first when
looked toward Custer ridge the Indians were
firing from a big circle, but it gradually
closed until they seemed to converge into a
large black mass on the side hill toward the
river and all along the ridge.”
Captain
Weir was watching his comrades battling
without helping them, because Benteen and
Reno were still on their hill. When Benteen
eventually reached Weir Point, he put an
American flag on the peak to
“show my
position to Custer. The bugle began to
sound on Custer Hill, which means that
Custer was watching the flag or the dust of
the other battalions and was using the bugle
as a signal. Custer’s men asked for help,
after having waited for Benteen and Reno…
during more than two hours!
Sitting Bull:
“As (Custer’s
soldiers) they stood to be killed they
were seen to look far away to the hills in
all directions and we knew they were looking
for the hidden soldiers (Benteen’s and
Reno’s soldiers)
in the hollows of the
hills to come and help them.”
White Man Runs
Him, Crow Scout:
“Benteen gave
the command to
move [to Weir
Point]. Then we
went back. We
looked back and
saw Custer still
fighting. We
went toward a
hill where there
was a breastwork
of mules (Reno
Hill)"
A
little band, led by warchief Low Dog,
eventually attacked the men on Weir Point
while the battle on Custer Hill was still
raging (see Michno). Benteen decided to
withdraw his troops, according to Private
George Glenn and Lieutenant Francis Gibson.
The troops fell back without any rear guard,
just like Reno had done in the woods.
Lieutenant Godfrey decided to deploy his men
on his own initiative. He later said to the
Reno Court of Inquiry:
Question by the court:
“Was the
engagement severe in and around (Weir
Point)?”
Answer
by Lieutenant Godfrey
“No severe
engagement at all (on Weir Point).”
Question by the court:
“Was there much
firing on the part of the Indians down at
that point up to the time to command started
to go back (from Weir Point to Reno
Hill)?”
Answer
by Lieutenant Godfrey:
“No, sir.”
Question by the court:
“State if the
Indians drove (Weir’s and Benteen’s)
command from that position (Weir
Point).”
Answer
by Lieutenant Edgerly:
“They did not.
The orders were to fall back and we fell
back.”
400
men fell back without ever supporting the
last stand. Custer would never have the
support he had asked for during more than
two hours. His heroic last stand would end
at 6.20 p.m., almost at the time Reno had
reached Reno Hill again.
A
betrayal had just happened at Little
Bighorn. A betrayal that would be covered
during a century, and which is still covered
up by many scholars and historians.
Major
General Thomas Rosser, cavalry officer
during the Civil War, wrote in 1876:
“As a soldier, I would sooner lie in the
grave of General Custer and his gallant
comrades alone in that distant wilderness,
that when the last trumpet sounds, I could
rise to judgment from my part of duty, than
to live in the place of the survivors of the
siege on the hills.”
_____________________________________________
Sources: The official recording of the
Reno
Court of Inquiry, 1879
Nightengale, Little Big Horn, pages
129, 184-185, 190
Unger, The ABCs of Custer’s Last Stand,
pages 191-218
Sklenar, To Hell with Honor, page
302
Michno, Lakota Noon, page 233-287
General Thomas Rosser,
Chicago
Tribune, August 8, 1876
DYING FROM SADNESS
Captain Weir went back on Fort Lincoln with
a look of a “broken man” (lieutenant
Garlington). He perhaps even tried to commit
suicide by jumping in a stream while the 7th
was moving back to the fort.
Captain Weir was so sad because he knew that
his comrades, his friends, his brother in
arms had been deliberately betrayed from
start to finish. From Benteen’s dawdling to
his refusal to leave Reno Hill, from Reno’s
disastrous offensive to his cowardice in
battle, everything was made to blow any
chance of victory up.
Captain Weir wrote to Libbie Custer:
“I
know if we were all of us alone in the
parlour, at night, the curtains all down and
everybody else asleep, one or the other of
you would make me tell you everything I
know.”
Thomas
Weir began to drink too much, and died on
December 9, 1876. Cause of death: “melancholia.”
The
Army and Navy saluted his death:
(Brevet) Colonel Weir was in the prime
of life, 38 years of age, and no preliminary
announcement of illness preceded the report
of his death, which occurred suddenly in
New York
on Saturday, December
9, of congestion of brain. Colonel Weir was
buried on Governor’s
Island
with military honours on Wednesday,
December 14.
The
only loyal officer of Reno Hill, one of the
greatest – yet not honoured enough – heroes
of Little Bighorn, Thomas Benton Weir, was
dead. He wouldn’t be at the Reno Court of
Inquiry to tell his story and destroy Reno’s
and Benteen’s perjuries. On March 22, 1879,
Captain Benteen help a journalist to write
an article in the
Army and Navy Journal.
He wrongly accused Weir of being drugs
addicted, which should explain his anger
towards Benteen and Reno.
Thomas
Weir’s ghost still haunted the traitors of
Little Bighorn.
_____________________________________________
Sources: Army and Navy Journal,
December 9, 1876
Army and Navy Journal, March 22,
1879
Son of the Morning
Star, pages 284-285
WMRH's
Story of the Custer Fight, in Hutchins’
Papers of E.S. Curtis, pp. 53-54
A YEAR
AFTER THE BETRAYAL...
Trumpeter Ami Frank Walford wasn't at the
battle of the Little Bighorn (he joined the
7th cavalry in 1877), but discussed the
fight with veterans and visited the
battlefield in 1877:
"After
a hasty
breakfast we
passed on over
the battlefield,
where a little
over one year
ago, General
George A. Custer
and three
hundred brave
troopers of the
Seventh Cavalry,
while in the
line of duty,
were massacred
by between three
and four
thousand Indian
warriors under
the immediate
command of
Sitting Bull.
Not one of the
hostiles having
part in that
massacre has
ever been called
to account for
the awful deed.
Worse than that,
some of these
very same
savages are now
fed and
supported by the
government they
fought against,
and are the
forced
associates and
companions of
members of the
Seventh Cavalry!
The bodies of
our dead had
never been
properly buried.
All these months
had passed,
yet the little
band whose brave
deeds of heroism
will ever remain
a matter of
history,
have not
received decent
burial. Their
bones, divested
of clothing by
the heartless
and brutal
savages, and of
flesh by wolves
and other
animals,
lie bleaching on
the ground where
they fell, a sad
result of the
failure of Major
Reno to give
expected
support.
Three hundred
yards up the
trail, we came
upon the knoll
where Custer and
the remnant of
his command made
their final
stand.
We picture him
in our mind, as
he coolly loads
and fires with
the rest of the
men, frequently
glancing over
the bluffs to
see if Reno,
whom he had so
urgently
requested to
hasten to his
support, is at
hand. Reno's
utter failure to
respond is
generally
condemned."
Custer buffs
waving a flag on Weir Point - towards Custer
Hill where Custer waited for support he
never got.